残疾人社会福利供给机制的家庭生态性考察

Family Ecological Investigation of the Social Welfare Supply Mechanism of the Disabled

家庭是残疾个体依赖的核心生态。残疾不仅是社会议题,更是一个“家庭事务”,不仅对残疾者本身有影响,也会对家庭产生重大影响。家庭作为残疾人社会保障和服务体系建设的核心载体,家庭能力发展直接影响残疾人福祉水平。研究立足家庭生态视角,对残疾人社会福利需要呈现与供给的家庭作用机制进行考察。研究发现,残疾人福利需要具有明显的家庭色彩,呈现家庭化趋势,主要表现为三种机制:需要起因于家庭;需要受困于家庭;需要影响了家庭。残疾人社会福利供给则以残疾人个体为政策落脚点,呈现碎片化和区隔化,社会福利实施中缺少了对残疾人家庭这个核心生态普遍而形式多样的支持,一定程度上人为地造成残疾人的生态断裂,影响了残疾人社会福利供给的质量与效果。基于困境,研究提出残疾人社会福利供给转型家庭导向的生态回归建议。

Family is the core ecology on which disabled individuals depend.Actually disability is not only a social issue,but also a“family affair”,it affects not only the disabled themselves,but also families.Families are the core carrier of social security and service system construction for the disabled,and the development of families’ability has a direct effect on the welfare level of the disabled.Our research is based on family perspective and we investigate the family action mechanism of presentation and supply of social welfare need for the disabled.The research finds that the welfare need of the disabled has distinct household colour and it presents a family trend,which mainly expresses three mechanisms:The need arises from the family;The need to be trapped in a family;The need affects the family.The social welfare supply regards the handicapped individuals as the policy purpose.In the implementation of social welfare of the disabled,there is a lack of general and diversified support for families of the disabled,thus the ecological rupture is a man-made result,which affects the quality and effect of the social welfare supply for the disabled.Because of the dilemma,our study offers an family oriented ecological regression recommendation for the social welfare supply of the disabled.