儿童轮状病毒性肠炎合并惊厥18例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Rotavirus Enteritis with Convulsion in 18 Children

目的探讨儿童轮状病毒性肠炎合并惊厥的临床特点。方法对2015年2月～2018年1月我院收治的18例轮状病毒性肠炎合并惊厥患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果临床表现:18例患儿一般症状以发热、精神差、烦躁、脱水为主,消化系统症状主要表现为呕吐、腹泻、腹痛等,神经系统症状多表现为头痛、意识障碍、惊厥等。实验室检查:全部患儿的大便轮状病毒检测阳性,脑脊液生化常规均无特殊异常,头颅MRI及脑电图均无异常。治疗与随访:所有患儿均予以对症支持治疗,随访4个月结果显示,患儿具有正常的健康状态及良好的精神运动发育,未见再发惊厥,预后良好。结论轮状病毒性肠炎为目前儿童腹泻的主要原因,临床表现为发热、呕吐、腹泻,少部分患儿合并惊厥;经过补液、止泻、降颅内压、营养神经等治疗后,预后良好,极少存在神经系统后遗症。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with rotavirus enteritis (RV) complicated with convulsion.Methods Between February 2015 and January 2018,the data of 18 cases of rotavirus enteritis with convulsion in the Paediatric ward of the people's hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were analyzed retrospectively.Results Clinical feature:the main symptoms of 18 cases were fever,poor spirit,irritability,the main symptoms of digestive system were vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,etc.The symptoms of nervous system were headache,disturbance of consciousness,convulsion and so on.The results of laboratory examination showed that all children were positive for stool RV,and no special abnormality was found in cerebrospinal fluid biochemical routine.There was no special abnormality in head nuclear magnetic field and electroencephalogram.Treatment and fouow-up:after all children were given the support of the disease,the results of follow-up for 4 months showed that the children had normal health state and good psychomotor development,no recurrent convulsion and good prognosis.Conclusion Rotavirus enteritis is the main cause of diarrhoea in children.The clinical manifestations are fever,vomiting,water solution,and few children merge with convulsions,but the prognosis is good after rehydration,antidiarrheal,reducing intracranial pressure and nourishment nerve,and few sequelae of the nervous system exist.