检验科微生物检验质量的影响因素及病原菌耐药性分析

Azalysis on Influencing Factors of Microbial Testing Quality and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Laboratory

目的分析检验科微生物检验质量的影响因素,并分析病原菌的耐药性情况。方法选取2017年3月～2018年10月我院检验科行微生物检验的感染性疾病患者200例作为研究对象,统计分析200份不同菌株标本的情况,并分析形响因素。结果影响检验科微生物检测质量的主要因素包括检验人员的素质、标本的采集和保存等。分离出病原菌300株中,革兰氏阴性菌有120株(40.0%),革兰氏阳性菌160株(53.3%),20株真菌(6.67%)。其中肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌对喹诺酮类与头孢菌素类的耐药率较高,而金黄色葡萄球菌对喹诺酮、β-内酰胺类、红霉素的耐药率较高。结论在检验科微生物检验过程中,检验人员应严格执行操作规程,提高检验质量,促进临床合理选择治疗用药,降低病原菌的耐药性。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the quality of microbiological examination in the laboratory,and to analyze the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria.Methods 200 patients with infectious diseases who were tested by microorganisms in the laboratory of our hospital from March 2017 to October 2018 were selected as the research objects,and 200 samples of different strains were counted and analyzed,and the influence factors were analyzed.Results After analysis,the main factors influencing the quality of microbiological examination in laboratory include the quality of inspectors,the collection and preservation of specimens and so on.A total of 300 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,of which 120 (40.0%) were gram-negative bacteria,160 (53.3%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 20 (6.67%) were fungi.Among them,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were more resistant to quinolones and cephalosporins,while Staphylococcus aureus was more resistant to quinolones,beta-lactams and erythromycin.Conclusion In the process of microbial examination in laboratory,it is necessary to standardize the operation of laboratory personnel,improve the comprehensive quality of staff,improve the quality of samples,and select appropriate antibiotics according to the resistance of pathogens,so as to reduce the resistance of pathogens significantly.