索绪尔语言学理论中语言的社会心理性

On the Social Psychology of Language in Saussure's Linguistics

索绪尔作为现代语言学之父,核心贡献在于区分了语言学研究的对象是语言而非言语,研究方法是共时而非历时,语言存在方式是系统而非原子,使得语言获得独立自治能力,但这并不与索绪尔的"语言是一种社会心理现象"论断相矛盾,相反,语言的社会心理性贯穿于以上三种区分中,还原语言的社会心理性有助于我们更全面地把握索绪尔对语言的认识,有利于对普通语言学的进一步研究。

As the father of modern linguistics,Saussure makes the core contribution on distinctions that the object of language is langue rather than parole,the research method is synchronic rather than diachronic,and the existed condition of language is by a system rather than by atoms,making language be an automatic system.However it is not contradictory to Saussure’s thesis that“language is a social psychological phenomenon.”On the contrary,the social psychology of language runs through those three kinds of distinctions.The revivification of the social psychology of languages will help us grasp Saussure’s cognition of language in depth which is conducive to further study of language.