2013-2017年佛冈县综合性医院集团传染病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of infectious diseases in a general hospital group from 2013 to 2017

目的了解近5年佛冈县综合医院集团传染病疫情情况,分析其发病趋势和流行病学特征,为该地区传染病预防控制策略提供依据。方法收集2013-2017年佛冈县综合医院集团法定报告传染病报告数据,采用Excel 2003与SPSS Statistics 22分析其发病趋势和流行特征,评估各类传染病的风险。结果 2013-2017年共报告传染病7 357例次,传染病报告率为373.84/10万(7 357/1 967 959)。血液及性传播疾病报告率最高(190.76/10万)且呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2=234.21,P<0.01),肠道传染病报告率为153.26/10万,总体呈上升趋势(χ~2=224.98,P<0.01)。发病数居前5位的传染病依次为手足口病、梅毒、乙肝、丙肝、肺结核,分别占35.12%、22.85%、14.95%、8.06%和5.86%。结论佛冈县的传染病防控重点在手足口病、梅毒、病毒性肝炎、肺结核,应加强疫情监测,提早采取防控措施。

Objective To understand the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in a general hospital group from 2013 to 2017 and explore the epidemic trend and epidemiological characteristics to provide a basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in this area. Methods The data of infectious diseases in legal reports of a comprehensive hospital group from 2013 to 2017 were collected, and excel 2003 and SPSS Statistics 22 was used to analyze epidemic trend and epidemiological characteristics and evaluate the risks of various infectious diseases. Results A total of 7 357 cases of infectious diseases were reported in the hospital from 2013 to 2017, and the reporting rate of infectious diseases was 373.84/ 100,000 (7 357/1 967 959). Blood and sexually transmitted diseases had the highest reporting rate (190.76/100 000), which showed a declined tendency year by year (x^2=234.21, P<0.01). Intestinal infectious diseases had a reporting rate of 153.26 /100,000, which showed a rising trend in general (x^2=224.98, P<0.01). The top five reported diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), syphilis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and tuberculosis, account for 35.12%, 22.85%, 14.95%, 8.06% and 5.86%, respectively. Conclusion The prevention and control of infectious diseases in Fogang shall focus on hand-foot-mouth disease, syphilis, viral hepatitis and tuberculosis. It is recommended to strengthen epidemic surveillance and take prevention and control measures in advance.