民主革命时期马克思主义中国化历史进程的再探究

Re-exploration of the Historical Process of the Sinicization of Marxism in China during the Democratic Revolution Period

学界目前对民主革命时期马克思主义中国化历史分期的认识尚不一致,主要分歧集中在对马克思主义中国化的历史起点问题的认识,有多种不同起点说。马克思主义中国化的关键在“化”上,其起点应该是从中国共产党已经开始认识到要将马克思主义的理论与中国革命的实际结合起来,并在实践的基础上把马克思主义创造性地转化为中国化马克思主义。大革命失败以后,党独立领导中国革命、创建人民军队及毛泽东农村包围城市道路理论的基本形成,标志着党已经开始了把马克思主义创造性地转化为中国化马克思主义的伟大探索;而中共六届四中全会以后,以教条主义为主要特征的“左”倾错误对全党的统治,则导致了对以毛泽东为代表的把马克思主义与中国实际相结合正确方向及其所取得成果的否定,使马克思主义中国化的探索遭受严重挫折;红军长征途中召开的遵义会议,扭转了中国革命的危局,挽救了党和红军,也重新开启了马克思主义中国化的历史进程。党在领导中国革命实现由国内革命战争向抗日民族战争伟大转变的同时,实现了马克思主义中国化的重大突破,并进而在指导全民族抗日战争的实践中成功推进了这一事业的不断发展。

At present,there is still inconsistent understanding of the historical stages of Sinicization of Marxism in the Democratic Revolution,and the main divergence focuses on the understanding of the historical starting point of Sinicization of Marxism.The key to the Sinicization of Marxism lies in its“turn”.Its starting point should be that the Communist Party of China has begun to realize that it is necessary to combine Marxist theory with the reality of the Chinese revolution,and creatively transform Marxism into Chinese Marxism on the basis of practice.After the failure of the Great Revolution,the basic formation of the theory of the Party's independent leadership of the Chinese revolution,the establishment of the People's Army and Mao Zedong's road of Encircling Cities in the countryside marked that the Party had begun a great exploration of transforming Marxism creatively into Marxism with Chinese characteristics;after the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the CPC,dogmatism was the main principle.The errors of“Left”deviation led to the denial of the correct direction and achievements of combining Marxism with China's reality represented by Mao Zedong,which seriously frustrated the exploration of Marxism in China.The crisis saved the party and the Red Army and re-opened the historical process of Sinicization of Marx doctrine.While leading the Chinese revolution to realize the great transformation from the domestic revolutionary war to the anti-Japanese national war,the CPC has made a great breakthrough in the Sinicization of Marxism,and has successfully promoted the continuous development of this cause in guiding the practice of the whole nation's anti-Japanese war.