从“无不焚之居……”这则史料谈党史研究的“求真”与“科学”

On “Seeking the Truth” and “Scientific Study” of Party History Study

“无不焚之居,无不伐之树,无不杀之鸡犬,无遗留之壮丁,闾阎不见炊烟,田野但闻鬼哭”,这则史料被众多学科的学者、著作所引用,旨在说明苏区革命后,国民党(军)对原苏区或“清剿”区实行疯狂进攻和残酷的烧、杀、抢政策。然而,检索民国文献,找到原始资料,不难发现,所有的引用者都存在言之无据(没有注明史料来源)、引用史料时空错乱和移花接木,以及曲解史料,甚至无中生有等不规范和错误之处。另外,还很可能存在拼接史料的问题。历史虽人人可述评,如小姑娘一样可任人打扮,但所有的研究均须遵循言之有据、实事求是、有一分材料说一分话等学界公认的研究规则,不能脱离“历史求真”的初衷。只有这样的革命史研究和党史研究,才可能称为“信史”,并上升到“科学”的高度。

In CCP history studies,one certain piece of raw materials has been largely used and cited to reveal that the KMT troops have violently treated ordinary people and infrastructure in former Soviet areas in 1930s.However,if carefully examined,no clear clue and supporting materials could be found in order to prove the above mentioned one is valid.It is arguable that historians who have used this piece of material tend to falsify,manipulate,and fabricate it.Admittedly,history is open to everyone to review,yet all the studies should still follow certain criteria scientific inquiry.Only by obeying this methodology,the history of revolution and the CCP could be considered as valid history that is surveyed by scientific methods.