医学社会学视阈下精神病人的社区康复困境分析

The Predicament of Community Rehabilitation of Mental Patients from the Perspective of Medical Sociology

社区康复是帮助精神疾病患者改善社会功能、回归家庭和社会的重要环节,深受社会文化、社会制度、家庭环境等多因素影响。本研究从医学社会学视角出发,运用参与式观察、深入访谈及焦点小组等质性研究方法,从污名化所造成的排斥、隔离与自我身份认同挣扎,病人角色、照顾者角色和医生角色的交织影响,以及政府政策与资源受限所带来的社区康复公共路径受损3个方面,分析精神疾病患者在社区康复过程中所面临的困境,并提出消解路径等相关措施。

Community rehabilitation is an important link to help mental patients improve their social functions and return to their families and the society.It is deeply influenced by many factors such as social culture,social system and family environment.From the perspective of medical sociology,this study uses the qualitative research methods of participatory observation,interview,and focus group to analyze the rejection,isolation and self-identity struggle caused by stigma,the interaction of patient roles,caregiver roles and doctor roles,and the damaged public path of community rehabilitation brought by the restricted government policies and resources.