中国省域高校科技创新能力、效率及其经济贡献率研究

Research on the scientific and technological innovation ability,efficiency and economic contribution rate of Chinese provincial universities

以中国省域高校2004—2016年数据为基础,借助SPSS统计工具,采用主成分分析法评价分析了省域高校的科技创新能力;采用两阶段数据包络分析模型(DEA)评价分析了省域高校的科技创新效率;借鉴"柯布-道格拉斯(C-D)生产函数"和索洛"增长速度方程",评价分析了省域高校的科技创新经济贡献率。将三个维度指标分别取平均值,高于平均值的数界定为"高",低于平均值的数界定为"低"。研究发现,三项指标和省份产生了如下对应结果:(1)高-高-高:辽宁、陕西、山东;(2)高-高-低:江苏、广东、浙江;(3)高-低-高:北京、上海、湖北、安徽;(4)低-高-高:吉林、广西、云南、内蒙古、贵州、海南;(5)高-低-低:四川、河南;(6)低-高-低:江西、福建、新疆;(7)低-低-高:湖南、天津、重庆;(8)低-低-低:黑龙江、河北、山西、甘肃。从表现为"高-高-高"的辽宁、陕西和山东3个省份情况看,科技创新能力、科技创新效率、经济贡献率和GDP增长率之间有一定的线性相关关系,研究结论与国家"双一流"高校建设情况也具有一定的一致性。

Based on the data collected from provincial universities in China from 2004 to 2016, SPSS statistical tools were used to evaluate the scientific and technological innovation capability by principal component analysis. The efficiency of scientific and technological innovation was evaluated by two-stage data envelopment analysis model (DEA). The contribution rate of scientific and technological innovation was evaluated by using the "Cobb-Douglas (C-D) production function"and Solow "growth rate equation".Average number for each of the three indicators was calculated, data higher than the average number was defined as "high", and data below the average number was defined as "low". Provinces were divided by their grades of the three indicators: 1) high-high-high: Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong;2) high-high-low:Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang;3) high-low-high: Beijing, Shanghai, Hubei, Anhui;4) low-high-high: Jilin, Guangxi, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Hainan;5) high-low-low: Sichuan, Henan;6)low-high-low: Jiangxi, Fujian, Xinjiang;7) low-low-high: Hunan, Tianjin, Chongqing;8) low-low-low: Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shanxi, Gansu. Found in Liaoning, Shaanxi and Shandong, there is a certain linear correlation between scientific and technological innovation capability, efficiency, economic contribution rate and GDP growth rate. The research conclusion is consistent with the situation of "Double First-Class"construction to a certain extent.