弹射救生用快速激光起爆器光路设计

Optical Path Design of Fast Laser Detonator for Ejection Lifesaving

针对弹射救生用激光起爆器快速起爆的需求,以激光点火机理为基础,通过对激光起爆器光学窗口结构的分析,优选自聚焦透镜(GRIN)作为激光起爆器的耦合窗口。同时结合自聚焦透镜光线传输理论分析,提出了通过缩小照射到含能材料表面的光斑尺寸、增大功率密度的方式,以有效缩短激光起爆器的作用时间。利用ZEMAX软件对激光耦合窗口进行仿真,得出采用φ1.8mm1/4P和φ1.0mm 1/4P自聚焦透镜组,其输出光斑缩小倍数为0.5左右。验证试验表明,该光路设计方法能够有效降低激光起爆器作用时间,并且可以在较低的功率下达到激光起爆器的极限作用时间。

Aiming at the requirement of the rapid initiation of laser detonator for ejection lifesaving, based on the laser ignition mechanism and the optical window structure of the laser detonator, the GRIN lens is selected as the coupling window of the laser detonator. Combined with the theoretical analysis of light transmission through GRIN lens, it is concluded that by reducing the size of spot on the surface of the energetic material and increasing the power density, the working time of the laser detonator can be effectively improved and shortened. Through the simulation of laser coupling window with software, it can be known that the output spot reduction factor is about 0.5 with GRIN lens group. Experiments also verified that the optical path design method can effectively reduce the action time of the laser detonator, and reach the limit action time of the laser detonator at low power.