蓄冷式保温集装箱在蔬菜流通中的保鲜效果研究

Study on Preservation Effect of Cold Storage Thermal Container on Vegetable Circulation

为了满足生鲜农产品公铁联运需求,推动我国冷链物流行业的发展,测试了自主研发的蓄冷式保温集装箱在蔬菜上的实际应用效果。使用温度记录仪采集了蓄冷式保温集装箱的前中后部的温度数据;以色差(L~*、a~*、b~*)、硬度、pH值以及可溶性固形物含量作为评价指标,分析了两种蔬菜(油菜、韭黄)采用蓄冷式保温集装箱不同包装处理运输前后品质的变化情况。结果表明,箱内温度随箱外环境温度的变化而波动,但波动较小,箱内温度后部≥中部≥前部;不同处理组油菜的色差(L~*、a~*、b~*)、硬度和pH值均无显著变化;可溶性固形物含量,泡沫箱组、泡沫箱+冰组的略有下降,筐装组明显上升;泡沫箱组、泡沫箱+冰组的韭黄较运输前偏红、偏蓝,色泽略有变化,筐装组无明显变化,不同处理组韭黄的可溶性固形物含量和pH值均无明显变化。整体上,泡沫箱组、泡沫箱+冰组的蔬菜品质优于筐装组,这为蓄冷式保温集装箱的优化设计提供了参考和依据。

In order to meet the demand for road-railway transportation of fresh agricultural products and promote the development of cold chain logistics industry in China, the practical applied results of self-developed thermal storage container were evaluated. In this paper, the temperature data was collected at front, middle and rear parts of thermal storage container by temperature recorder. The quality of two kinds of vegetables(rape, hotbed chives) before and after transportation were analyzed by color difference of L^*, a^*, b^*, hardness, p H and total soluble solids. The results showed that the temperature of container fluctuated with ambient temperature, but its fluctuation was smaller;the temperature of the box is rear ≥ middle ≥ front part. The color difference of L^*, a^*, b^*, hardness and p H of rape had no significant difference in different treatments. Total soluble solids of rape in polystyrene box group,polystyrene box + ice group decreased slightly, and the basket package group increased significantly. Compared with before transportation, hotbed chives of polystyrene box group, polystyrene box + ice group were redder and bluer, with a slight change in color, and there was no significant change in the basket package group. Total soluble solids and p H of hotbed chives in different treatments did not change significantly. Overall, the quality of vegetables in the polystyrene box group, polystyrene box + ice group is better than that of the basket group. The research provides a basis for the optimum design of thermal storage containers.