基于超高压水射流的压缩机智能拆解设备设计

Design of intelligent dismantling equipment for compressors based on ultra-high pressure water jet

压缩机是制冷类产品的关键部件,其外壳形状各异,壳体部分通常采用低碳钢板经压力成型后焊接而成,进行故障检修或拆解回收时均需将其外壳打开。在分析现有压缩机拆解技术的基础上,采用超高压水射流技术设计了一种专用的压缩机外壳智能拆解设备,提出了一套可行的拆解工艺,搭建了拆解设备的测控系统。试验结果表明,该设备采用超高压水射流作为切割工具,切割速度快、切口平整光洁、无热变形、无污染;采用激光测距传感器控制刀具自动跟随压缩机外壳焊缝,可实现智能控制、跟随切割,对内部零件无损伤;借助CCD相机智能识别焊缝,可自动调整刀具起点。该设备实现了家电压缩机的高效率、自动化、规模化拆解,满足家电产品绿色回收的要求。

The compressor is the key component of the refrigeration products. The shape of the compressor’s shell is different each other and the shell part usually uses the low carbon steel plate to weld after the pressure forming. It is necessary to open the shell for failure maintenance or disassembly and recovery. Based on the analysis of the existing compressor opening technologies, a special type of intelligent disassembly equipment for compressor shell was designed by using ultra high pressure water jet technology. A set of feasible opening process was put forward, and a measuring and controlling system for the opening of the equipment was set up. The test results show that the equipment uses ultra-high pressure water jet as cutting tool, with fast cutting speed, smooth and clean incision, no thermal deformation and no pollution. Using laser distance sensor to control the cutter automatically following the welding seam of the compressor shell, intelligent control and follow cutting and no damage to the internal parts can be realized. With the help of the CCD camera, the welding seam can be identified intelligently, and the starting point of the cutter can be automatically adjusted. The device has realized the high efficiency, automation and large-scale dismantling of the household appliance compressors, so as to meet the requirements of the green recycling for household appliances.