牧草开花的分子机理研究进展

Research progress on the molecular mechanism of flowering time in forage grasses

开花期是牧草重要的农艺性状,对牧草产量、品质和利用价值具有重要影响。开花时间由微效多基因控制,调控网络复杂。开展牧草开花基因的研究,阐明牧草开花调控分子机理,有利于加快牧草开花基因挖掘,培育满足生产需求的不同成熟度的牧草新品种。牧草开花基因在模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、小麦(Triticum aestivum)等农作物已开展了系统深入的研究,而牧草研究相对较少。本文综述了牧草开花基因研究最新进展,以期为牧草开花基因研究提供理论参考。

Flowering time is an important agronomic trait, and has an important influence on the yield, quality, and utilization of forage grasses. Flowering time is controlled by micro-effect polygenes and the regulatory network is complex. Research on flowering genes and the molecular mechanisms of flowering regulation will facilitate the exploration and utilization of flowering genes, and lead to the development of new forage varieties with different maturities to meet different production requirements. Although flowering genes have been extensively and systematically studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and other crops, there has been comparatively little study of these genes in forage grasses. In this paper, we review the latest advances in the study of flowering genes in order to provide a theoretical reference for the study of these genes in forage grasses.