权力与框架对风险寻求的影响:解释水平的作用

The Influence of Power and Frame on Risk Seeking:the Role of Construal Level

通过四个实验探讨了权力与框架对风险寻求的影响,检验了解释水平的中介机制。首先,探讨了框架对权力影响风险寻求的调节作用(实验1);然后,通过实验分段检验权力影响解释水平(实验2A),解释水平影响风险寻求(实验2B);最后,改变权力的启动方式并排除情绪的潜在影响,重复验证框架的调节作用,并通过中介分析验证解释水平的中介作用(实验3)。结果发现:损失框架下,高权力比低权力个体更冒险,但收益框架下高低权力个体都更保守;解释水平是损失框架下权力影响风险寻求的部分中介机制。研究结果表明,框架对权力影响风险寻求具有调节作用,解释水平是权力影响风险寻求的心理机制之一,研究也为权力的社会距离理论提供了支持证据。

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of power and frame on risk seeking and test the mediating role of construal level. Firstly, the moderating role of frame was explored( Experiment 1);Secondly, two experiments were designed to test the effect of power on construal level(Experiment2A), and the effect of construal level on risk seeking (Experiment2B). Lastly, Experiment 3 provided converging evidence to support the moderating role of frame and mediating role of construal level(via mediation analysis) in the effect of power on risk-seeking,with different power priming methods and ruling out the alternative explanation of the emotion. The results showed that, there was a significant interaction effect between power and frame on the risk seeking, specifically, under the loss frame, both high-power and low-power were more risky, and high-power was even more risky than low-power;under the gain frame, both high-power and low-power intended to be conservative. Furthermore, the results showed that the power influenced the construal level, and the construal level influenced the risk seeking. These findings suggest that frame plays the moderating role and the construal level plays the partial mediating role in the effect of power on risk seeking, in addition, the results can be regarded as the direct empirical evidence for the power theory of social distance.