创伤性事件新闻报道中公众心理创伤的产生及防范

The Occurrence and Prevention of Public Psychological Trauma in Traumatic Events News Reports

创伤性事件是具有突发性、高破坏性、不可控性、且会对个体带来巨大压力的事件。对创伤性事件重复性的、片面夸大破坏性的新闻报道会给公众带来创伤性体验,影响其主观幸福感,进而可能导致部分个体采取消极的自我防御方式,以此抵御相关的新闻报道。为有效防范公众心理创伤的产生,减少不当报道对于创伤性事件非直接受害者的消极影响,本文全面梳理了创伤性事件新闻报道可能会给公众带来的消极影响,并提出新闻媒体工作者需利用新闻报道的框架效应、采用建设性新闻传播方式给社会大众带去体现心理关怀的新闻报道,以彰显人文主义精神,从而营造积极、健康、正能量的新闻报道氛围。

Traumatic events are events that are sudden, highly destructive, uncontrollable, and put enormous pressure on individuals. Repetitive, one-sided and destructive news reports on traumatic events can bring traumatic experiences to the public and affect their subjective well-being, which may encourage some individuals to adopt negative self-defense methods to defend against relevant news reports. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of public psychological trauma and reduce the negative impact of inappropriate reports on indirect victims of traumatic events, this paper comprehensively combs the negative impact that news reports of traumatic events may bring to the public, and proposes that news media workers need to use the frame effects of news reports and adopt constructive news communication methods to bring the public news reports with psychological care and the spirit of humanism. Thus, it can create a positive, healthy atmosphere of news reports.