重庆地区甜樱桃品种筛选及其叶片硒和褪黑素含量关系分析

Sweet cherry cultivars selection for Chongqing and relationship between the contents of selenium and melatonin in leaves

【目的】评价不同品种甜樱桃在重庆地区的生长适应性及其叶片的硒和褪黑素含量关系,为引导重庆地区推广种植甜樱桃和生产富硒、高褪黑素特色甜樱桃提供参考依据。【方法】连续2年观测重庆地区种植18个甜樱桃品种的生长指标(株高、地径、分枝数、最长枝长度和最长枝干径)和花芽数量,并在第1年测定13个长势较好品种叶片的硒和褪黑素含量,分析其相关性。以离体叶片浸没法测定分析不同浓度硒处理布鲁克斯品种叶片硒含量与褪黑素含量的关系。【结果】重庆地区2年生和3年生甜樱桃的生长指标、花芽数量差异较明显,且株高、地径、分枝数、最长枝长度、最长枝干径和花芽数量中任意4个参数值超过平均值的品种分别有9和8个,其中重叠品种有5个(砂蜜豆、斯坦勒、俄罗斯8号、红蜜和布鲁克斯),重叠品种中斯坦勒和砂蜜豆的花芽数量较少,不利于早投产。13个甜樱桃品种叶片硒和褪黑素含量差异较明显,其中萨米脱、绣珠和拉宾斯的硒含量较高,俄罗斯8号和怡珠的褪黑素含量较高。相关性分析结果表明,13个甜樱桃品种叶片的硒含量与褪黑素含量呈正相关,但相关不显著(P=0.17>0.05,R2=0.1600);布鲁克斯叶片的硒含量与褪黑素含量呈显著正相关(P=0.03<0.05,R2=0.9572)。【结论】适合重庆地区种植的甜樱桃品种有6个,其中萨米脱、红蜜和怡珠适合作为富硒甜樱桃品种,俄罗斯8号、红蜜、萨米脱和短枝一号可作为高褪黑素含量甜樱桃品种推广种植。

【Objective】In order to guide sweet cherry growth,and provide advice for selenium-enriched and high-melatonin-content sweet cherry production in Chongqing,this paper explored the growth adaptability and the relationship between selenium and melatonin contents of sweet cherry leaves in Chongqing.【Method】Growth parameters(tree height,diameter,branch number,length of the longest branch,diameter of the longest branch)and flower bud number of 18 sweet cherry cultivarsin Chongqing were detected for two consecutive years.And selenium and melatonin contents in leaves of 13 sweet cherry cultivars were detected in the first year to explore their correlation.Moreover,selenium and melatonin contents in leaves of Brooks cultivar were also detected under different concentration of selenium treatments by in vitro leaf immersion.【Result】Different cultivars performed differently on growth parameters and flower bud number in the twoyear and three-year sweet cherry.There were nine and eight cultivars whose values of any four parameters among tree height,diameter,branch number,length of the longest branch,diameter of the longest branch and flower bud number were over the average for the two-year and three-year sweet cherry cultivars respectively.There were five overlapping varieties:Shamidou,Stella,Russia No.8,Hongmi and Brooks.Among them,Shamidou and Stella had too few buds for early bearing.The contents of leaf selenium and melatonin were different among the 13 cultivars.And selenium contents of Sammit,Xiuzhu and Lapins were large and melatonin contents of Russia No.8 and Yizhu were high.There was a positive correlation between selenium and melatonin contents in leaves of 13 sweet cherry cultivars(P=0.17>0.05,R^2=0.1600),but the correlation was not significant.A significant positive correlation correlation(P=0.03<0.05,R^2=0.9572)of contents of selenium and melatonin were appeared in in vitro Brooks leaves.【Conclusion】Six sweet cherry cultivars are suitable for Chongqing area planting.Among them,cultivars Sammit,Hongmi and Yizhu are selenium-enriched cultivars,and Russia No.8,Hongmi,Sammit and Duanzhiyihao can be promoted as high-melatonin cultivars.