2017—2018年长豇豆品种广西沿海地区区域试验

Regional test of 2017-2018 long cowpea varieties in Guangxi coastal area

【目的】开展长豇豆品种区域试验,为筛选适宜广西沿海地区种植的优良长豇豆品种提供参考依据。【方法】2017—2018年,在广西沿海地区合浦县对12个长豇豆品种进行品种比较试验,综合评价其主要农艺性状、产量、主要病害抗性及耐贮藏性等指标。【结果】农丰1号、农丰3号和金帅等8个长豇豆品种的单荚长在50.00～70.00 cm、单荚重在20.00～35.00 g、豆荚颜色绿白色、外观顺直且无鼓籽和鼠尾,单株荚数较多,符合外销要求;农丰1号、农丰3号、农家宝、金帅、翠宝2号和裕丰8号6个品种的平均鲜荚总产量高于对照(金豆一号),其余品种均低于对照,其中,农丰1号的总产量最高,为45093.36 kg/ha,比对照极显著增产20.18%(P<0.01,下同);抗优009号的前期平均产量最高,为25014.40 kg/ha,比对照极显著增产16.84%,丰成18号的前期平均产量(24813.15 kg/ha)较高,极显著高于对照15.90%;各品种主要病害田间发病较轻,抗性差异不明显;农丰1号、农丰3号、农家宝、金帅、翠宝2号和对照6个品种嫩荚中种子所占比例小,荚壁厚、失水较慢,属于更耐贮藏长豇豆品种。【结论】农丰1号、农丰3号、农家宝、金帅、翠宝2号和金豆一号等长豇豆品种综合表现优良,适宜在广西沿海地区大面积推广种植;抗优009号和丰成18号的前期产量及抗主要病害综合特性较佳,可作为广西沿海地区早春早熟栽培品种适当推广种植。

Regional trials of long cowpea varieties were conduct to provide reference for selecting excellent cowpea varieties suitable for planting in coastal areas of Guangxi.【Method】From 2017 to 2018,12 long cowpea bean varieties were tested in coastal areas in Hepu,Guangxi,and their main agronomic traits,yield,main disease resistance and storage resistance were evaluated comprehensively.【Result】Among the tested varieties,the single pod length of Nongfeng No.1,Nongfeng No.3,Jinshuai and other five varieties was 50.00-70.00 cm,the mass of single pod was 20.00-35.00 g,the color of the pods was greenish white,the appearance was straight and there were no drum seeds or rat tails,and the number of pods per plant was large,which met the outward transportation requirements.The total yield of fresh pods of six varieties including Nongfeng No.1,Nongfeng No.3,Nongjiabao,Jinshuai,Cuibao No.2 and Yufeng No.8 were higher than the control(CK)variety Jindou No.1,and the yields of other varieties were lower than CK.Among them,the output of Nongfeng No.1 was the highest(45093.36 kg/ha),which was extremely increased by 20.18% compared with CK(P<0.01,the same below).The previous output of Kangyou 009 was the highest(25014.40 kg/ha),which was extremely higher than CK by 16.84%.The previous output of Fengcheng No.18 was high(24813.15 kg/ha),which was 15.90% extremely higher than CK.The main diseases of various varieties were mild in the field,and the difference in resistance was not obvious.Nongfeng No.1,Nongfeng No.3,Nongjiabao,Jinshuai,Cuibao No.2 and control had a small proportion of seeds in tender pods,thick pod walls and slow water loss,which were more resistant to storage.【Conclusion】Nongfeng No.1,Nongfeng No.3,Nongjiabao,Jinshuai,Cuibao No.2 and Jindou No.1 have excellent comprehensive performance and are suitable for large-scale planting in the coastal areas of Guangxi.The pre-production and anti-main di-sease characteristics of Kangyou 009 and Fengcheng No.18 are fine,and can be appropriately promoted as local spring early mature cultivars in the coastal areas of Guangxi.