巴西足球中的种族困境与自愈

Race predicament and self healing in Brazilian football

分析巴西足球业余时期、职业化初期以及职业化时代3个发展阶段的种族困境与自愈,解读足球在巴西社会已不单单是一项体育运动,而是巴西社会的一个缩影和巴西文化的一种代表。研究认为:在业余足球时期,巴西社会原有的种族困境在足球世界中获得一次自愈的机会,巴西足球也因此进入发展期,足球更加大众化并开始国际化。然而种族困境并没有因此而消失,而是再次出现在足球世界中,但在客观上推动了巴西足球的职业化。在职业化初期,具有巴西特色的桑巴足球与足球文化日渐成熟,足球的发展与社会的变迁更加交融,足球文化成为巴西社会文化的一种代表。在职业化时代,巴西足球的种族困境再次显露,而种族困境如何在职业化时代获得自愈甚至实现跨越,将是巴西足球发展的关键。只有突破这一瓶颈,巴西才能真正成为足球王国。

The author analyzed race predicament and self healing in Brazilian football at such 3 development stages as amateur period, professionalization initial period and professionalization age, and interpreted that football in Bra- zilian society is no longer just a sport, but a miniature of Brazilian society and a representative of Brazilian culture. The author put forward the following opinions: in the amateur football period, the original race predicament in Bra- zilian society got a chance for self healing for the first time in the football world, Brazilian football entered into the development period hence, Brazilian football was more popular and started internationalization;however, race pre- dicament did not disappear hence, but reappeared in the football world, yet boosted Brazilian football professionali- zation objectively;in the professionalization initial period, Samba football and football culture with Brazilian fea- tures matured gradually, football development fused more with social changes, football culture became a representa- tive of Brazilian culture;in the professionalization age, the race predicament of Brazilian football appeared again;and that how race predicament gets self healing or even realizes a crossing leap, will be a key point of Brazilian football development;only by breaking through such a bottleneck can Brazil truly become the kingdom of football.