基于动力学仿真的活塞组件摩擦损失研究

Friction loss research of piston assemblybased ondynamic simulation

活塞及环组的摩擦损失是影响发动机机械效率最重要的因素之一。文章通过活塞及环组动力学仿真,讨论了配缸间隙、活塞群部型线、环张力及环轴向宽度等设计参数对活塞环组系统摩擦损失的影响,为减小发动机摩擦损失、降油耗提供设计指导。案例结果显示,在额定工况下,裙部型线优化对减小活塞及环组系统摩擦损失的贡献最大(达47%),调整配缸间隙为上限时可带来17%的收益,而调整油环环张力和一环环宽带来的总收益约为4%～8%。

Friction loss of piston and ring group is one of the most important factors affecting engine mechanical efficiency. Through dynamic simulation, the effects of piston and ring system design parameters on friction loss are discussed, which can provide design guidance for reducing engine friction loss. The case results show that piston skirt profile optimization contributes the most (up to 47%) to the friction loss of piston and ring system under rated conditions. Adjusting cylinder clearance to the upper limit can bring 17% benefit, while the total benefit of adjusting ring tension and ring width is about 4%-8%.