摘要
自柏拉图为代表的西方哲学发生以来,理性的对立面遭到思想界和学界的排斥和压抑。人类心理的"幻象"问题,直到20世纪中期才伴随着后现代主义的兴起,借助于萨满文化研究而得到关注。幻象产生的条件以及幻象的社会功能,由人类学家在原住民社会的大量田野调研而得以揭示。这就好比打开了人类精神世界的一片新大陆。幻象的机制和原理,给神话学研究、想象力与文学起源研究带来重要启示。萨满是初民社会中制造和掌握幻象的精神领袖,并以此获取神圣正能量,发挥救死扶伤和扶危济困医疗作用。萨满之声,无论是歌唱还是吟诵,无论是讲述过去的神话故事,还是叙述个人的出神、启蒙仪式历险与治愈过程,都会体现出神圣幻想场合的象征编码,彰显着最古老的人类心理能动性。
Since the emergence of western philosophy represented by Plato,the opposite of rationality has been rejected and repressed by the ideological and academic circles.The“illusion”issue of human psychology did not rise until the mid-20th century in company with postmodernism,and it was paid attention to with the aid of the study of Shaman culture.The conditions for the emergence and social functions of the illusions have been revealed by a large number of field studies conducted by anthropologists in the aboriginal society.This is like opening a new world to the human spirit.The mechanism and principle of the illusions bring important enlightenment to the studies of mythology,imagination and literary origin.The Shaman is the spiritual leader who creates and masters the illusions in the aboriginal society,and uses this to obtain the divine positive energy and to play the role of medical treatment.The voice of Shaman,whether it is a song or a chant,whether it is a myth telling the past or a adventuring and healing process recounting one’s birth and enlightening ritual,will reflect the symbolic code of the sacred fantasy occasion,highlighting the oldest human psychological initiative.
作者
叶舒宪(译)
YE Shuxian;Halifax(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China)
出处
《百色学院学报》
2019年第1期1-15,共15页
JOURNAL OF BAISE UNIVERSITY
基金
上海市社会科学研究创新基地"中华创世神话研究"
上海交通大学神话学研究院资助
关键词
萨满
幻象
神话
巫医
治疗
Shaman
illusion
myth
witch doctor
treatment