特殊教育教师工资福利及补助支出地区差异分析——基于2007—2016年的数据

The Regional Disparity of Special Education Teachers’ Salary, Welfare and Subsidy Based on the Data from 2007 to 2016

通过对已公开的2007—2016年相关数据的统计分析发现,全国特殊教育教师年人均工资福利及补助支出逐年增加,呈现出从京津沪、东部、西部、中部呈梯度递减趋势,中部塌陷明显,京津沪三市远高于其他地区,且与其他地区的绝对差距在明显增大。各省份与全国均值间的差异系数始终保持在0.414～0.523之间,呈下降趋势,各省间的差异水平不太大。全国特殊教育教师年人均工资福利及补助支出的人均GDP指数从2.40微涨至2.41,该指数从西部、京津沪、中部、东部呈梯度递减趋势,西部十二省明显高于其他地区,其差异系数保持在0.245～0.454之间,呈下降趋势,各省间的差异水平不大。全国特殊教育教师年人均工资福利及补助支出的人均财政支出指数从12.02下降至9.58,该指数从东部、京津沪、中部、西部呈梯度递减趋势,东部八省明显高于其他地区,且与中西地区的绝对差距与相对差距都呈增加趋势,与京津沪的差距略有缩小,其差异系数在0.243～0.335之间,总体呈下降趋势,各省间的差异水平不大。全国特殊教育与普通中小学教师年人均工资福利及补助支出差距呈增加趋势,且从京津沪、中部、东部、西部呈梯度递减趋势,差异水平非常大。全国特殊教育教师工资福利及补助支出与地区财政支出保障的协调性不足,京津沪始终处于协调水平,中东部四省明显超前,西北四省严重滞后,且西部地区处于协调及基本协调水平的省份在下降。

The latest statistical analysis of relevant data from 2007 to 2016 finds that the annual per capita salary,welfare and subsidy of special education teachers in our country are increasing year by year,showing a decreasing trend from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,the eastern,the western to the central part of China.The annual per capita salary,welfare and subsidy of special education teachers in the central part are the lowest,those in the cities of Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai are much higher than other regions,and the absolute gap between regions is significantly increased.The coefficient of difference between provinces and national average has remained between 0.414 and 0.523,showing a downward trend,and the difference between provinces is not large.The per capita GDP index of annual per capita salary,welfare and subsidy of special education teachers has slightly increased from 2.40 to 2.41.The per capita fiscal expenditure index of annual per capita salary,welfare and subsidy of special education teachers has decreased from 12.02 to 9.58.The index shows a decreasing trend from the eastern,Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,the central to the western.The indices in the eight eastern provinces are obviously higher than the other regions,and the absolute gap and the relative gap with the central and western part are both increasing.The gap between the eight eastern provinces and Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai has been slightly narrowed.The coefficient of difference has remained between 0.243 and 0.335.The overall trend is downward,and the difference between provinces is not large.The gap between special education teachers’annual per capita salary,welfare and subsidy and ordinary primary and secondary school teachers’is increasing,showing a decreasing trend from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,the central,the eastern to the western,and the difference is very large.The special education teachers’salary,welfare and subsidy do not go with the regional fiscal expenditure in a concerted way.Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai are always at a level of coordination.The four provinces in the central and eastern are obviously ahead of the times,while the four provinces in the northwest are seriously lagging behind,and the provinces in the western at a level of coordination and basic coordination are declining.