外国留学生教学中“汉字难学”问题探究——以普洱学院美国和老挝留学生为例

Research on the Problem of “Chinese Characters Difficult to Learn” in the Teaching of Foreign Students: A Case Study of International Students from American and Lao in Pu’er College

非汉字文化圈母语为拼音文字的学习者普遍认为汉字难学,其主要表现为:汉字难写、难记、难认的“三难”问题。“汉字难学”已成为影响汉语教学的主要问题。基于此,从汉字的特点出发,根据汉字习得需要掌握的汉字基础知识,汉字兴趣之源造字法,从对比语言学的角度,结合母语为拼音文字的美国、老挝留学生汉字学习的偏误情况,提出四个方面的教学建议。

Learners whose native language is a phonetic alphabet in the non-Chinese language culture circle generally believe that Chinese characters are difficult to learn. The main performance are as Chinese characters difficult to write, difficult to remember and difficult to recognize. That “Chinese characters are difficult to learn” has become a major problem affecting Chinese teaching. Based on this, four teaching suggestions are proposed from the characteristics of Chinese characters, the basic knowledge of Chinese characters needed to master, the word formation of Chinese characters source, comparative linguistics and the misunderstanding of Chinese characters in American and Laotian students whose native words are Pinyin.