时间洞察力对成瘾行为的影响及其机制

The influence of time perspectives on addictive behavior and its mechanism

成瘾行为给个体和社会带来了严重的危害。对成瘾人群时间洞察力的研究成为探讨成瘾行为产生和发展的一个新的视角。过去消极、现在享乐和现在宿命时间洞察力取向的个体更可能出现成瘾行为,而未来时间洞察力取向则是成瘾行为的一个保护性因素,它不仅可以减少成瘾行为的发生,也有利于成瘾行为的康复。从自我调节,冲动性决策等行为机制和前额叶的神经机制方面可以帮助我们深入理解时间洞察力对成瘾行为的影响。未来研究可以进一步探讨不同成瘾行为者时间洞察力的一致性与特异性;采用纵向研究方法探讨成瘾者时间洞察力的动态变化过程;对成瘾者的洞察力进行干预,增加成瘾者的未来时间洞察力,减少其过去消极和现在时间洞察力取向来帮助成瘾者实现时间洞察力的平衡,从而提高其戒断效果。

Addictive behaviors have caused serious harm to individuals and society. The study on the time perspective of groups with addictive behaviors has developed a new perspective from which to explore the emergence and development of addictive behaviors. Individuals with negative past perspectives and present hedonistic and fatalistic orientations are more likely to have addictive behaviors, while the orientation of future time perspective is a protective factor against addictive behaviors. This not only reduces the occurrence of addictive behaviors, but also benefits recovery from addictive behaviors. Behavioral mechanisms such as self-regulation, impulsive decision, and neural mechanisms of the prefrontal cortex can help us to thoroughly understand addictive behaviors from the time perspective. Future research can further explore the consistency and specificity of the time perspective in different addictive behaviors and use longitudinal research methods to explore the dynamic processes of addicts' time perspectives. Additionally, intervention addressing the time perspectives of addicts can help addicts achieve balance by improving their future time perspectives and reducing their orientations of past negative and present time perspectives, which can then help addicts increase their abstinence.