母乳喂养对妊娠期糖尿病患者产后的影响

Effect of breastfeeding on postpartum patients with gestational diabetes

目的通过对妊娠期糖尿病女性产后哺乳情况探讨母乳喂养是否可以减轻糖耐量异常、胰岛素抵抗及改善心理状态。方法选择2016年1月～2017年1月在我院产检的妊娠期糖尿病的单胎妊娠女性,于产后6～12周,12个月分别行75 g可糖耐量检查。根据是否母乳喂养分为纯母乳喂养组、人工喂养组和混合喂养组,分析母乳喂养对妊娠期糖尿病患者产后的糖代谢及心理变化的影响。结果 290例曾患妊娠期糖尿病的女性,产后6～12周及12个月时分别有75例、31例为糖耐量异常。母乳喂养组发生糖耐量异常及心理问题的几率明显下降,且在产后1年时胰岛素抵抗明显下降。结论对于既往患妊娠期糖尿病的女性,母乳喂养对其产后1年间糖耐量及心理状态均起到保护作用。

Objective To explore whether breastfeeding can reduce impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and improve mental state in postpartum patients with gestational diabetes. Methods Patients with gestational diabetes inspected in our hospital from Jan. 2016 to Jan 2017 were selected. The patients were given sugar tolerance test of 75 g at 6-12 weeks and 12 months after delivery. The patients were divided into breastfeeding group, bottle-feeding group, and combined-feeding group. The effect of breastfeeding on postpartum glycometabolism and mental status was analyzed. Results Among the 290 patients with gestational diabetes, the glucose tolerance was still abnormal in 75 and 31 patients at 6-12 weeks and 12 months after delivery, respectively. The incidence rates of abnormal glucose tolerance and mental problem were significantly lower in the breastfeeding group, and the rate of insulin resistance was significantly reduced after 1 year of delivery. Conclusion For patients with gestational diabetes, breastfeeding plays a protective role of their glucose tolerance and mental status in one year after delivery.