清代直省驻防城在其所依附城市中的历史遗存

Study on the Historical Remains of Garrison Camps in the Cities They Depended on During the Qing Dynasty

八旗驻防制度是清廷独创的以少数兵力掌控辽阔疆土的军政制度,而驻防城则是落实这一制度的重要载体。清廷有计划地强行置入各行省的直省驻防城,尽管随着朝代更替、战事频仍、城市改造等原因在很大程度上遭到损毁,但其显性及隐性历史遗存至今仍丰富着其所依附城市的文化内涵。文中对21座直省驻防城(包括16座满城)的历史遗存进行梳理、发掘,不只是为城市特色营造、历史街区保护、新区建设等决策提供依据,更是为了找寻城市的记忆,让城市的历史文脉得以延续。

Eight Banners garrison system was an original military and political system in which the Qing government controlled a vast territory with a small number of troops, and the garrison camp was an important carrier to implement the system. The Qing government forced garrison camps into various provinces according to its plan. Although with the replacement of dynasties, frequent wars, urban transformation and other reasons the camps were damaged to a large extent, but their dominant and recessive historical remains still enrich the cultural connotations of the cities they depended on. In this paper, the historical remains of 21 provincial garrison camps (including 16 Manchurian camps) are sorted out and excavated, not only to provide a basis for urban characteristics building, historical block protection, new district construction and other policies, but also to find the memory of the city, so that the historical context of the city can be continued.