论监察对象与职务犯罪主体的“法法衔接”

On Legal Cohesion between the Objects of Supervision and the Subjects of Duty Crimes

监察法与刑法"法法衔接"是确保法治反腐顺利推进的前提之一。随着国家监察体制改革进入"深水区","法法衔接"的问题逐步凸显。最典型的问题是监察法中的"国有企业管理人员""基层群众性自治组织中从事管理的人员""其他依法履行公职的人员""监察人员"与刑法中的"国家工作人员""司法工作人员"等衔接问题。监察法与刑法在立法理念上既有联系也有区别,因此,在国家监察体制改革中,既应注重监察对象与国家工作人员的一致性,也要强调二者的差异性。并非所有"国有企业管理人员"都是监察对象。不论"基层群众性自治组织中从事管理的人员"是否属于刑法中的"国家工作人员",都应纳入监察对象的范围。对于履行职务犯罪调查职责的监察机关及其工作人员,应当以刑法中的"司法机关及司法工作人员"论。

Legal cohesion between the Supervision Law and the Criminal Law is the premise of ensuring legal anti-corruption. While national supervision system reform is stepping into its abyssal zone, legal cohesion issues become outstanding. The most typical problem is cohesion between "managers of state owned enterprises","personnel engaged in management in grass-roots mass autonomous organizations","other personnel who perform public duties according to law","supervisory personnel" in the Supervision Law and "state functionaries","judicial officers" in the Criminal Law. There exists relation and difference between legislative concept of the Supervision Law and the Criminal Law. The national supervision system reform should emphasize both consistency and difference between the objects of supervision and state functionaries. All the managers of state owned enterprises are not the objects of supervision. Personnel engaged in management in grass-roots mass autonomous organizations are the objects of supervision, but not state functionaries. Supervisory organ and personnel engaged in investigating duty crimes should be regarded as judicial authority and officers.