东汉画像镜中的“琴”型乐器初探

A Preliminary Study on the "Qin" Type Musical Instrument in the Portrait Mirror of the Eastern Han Dynasty

汉代铜镜纹饰中的"琴"型乐器对今人了解汉代的古琴文化有值得注意的面向,尤其是东汉画像镜上出现的"琴"型乐器多半与民间信仰或传说中的神仙并列。汉人以弹古琴作为文人士子们修身养性的道器,在结合道教文化与民间信仰的情况下,"琴"也成为画像镜中乐舞图像的重要角色。通过三类东汉画像镜中的"琴"型乐器,考察东汉画像镜中的"琴"型乐器,也可以让我们了解汉代古琴的形制。

The music images of the "Qin" type musical instruments in the Han Dynasty portrait mirrors play an important role in the music and dance images of the Han Dynasty portrait mirrors. However, was it the "Qin" type musical instruments in these images were used by the literati in Han Dynasty? This paper tries to take the "Qin" type musical instrument in the three types of Eastern Han Dynasty mirrors as an example to examine whether the "Qin" type musical instrument in the Eastern Han Dynasty portrait mirror is Guqin. Moreover, it tries to explore the type of the Guqin in the Han Dynasty, while differentiates the Qin of Chu that unearthed from the tombs of Zenghouyi and Mawangdui from the time of Warring States to the Han Dynasty.