河南省城市气象灾害应急能力评价与提升策略研究

Research on Evaluation and Promotion Strategies of Urban Meteorological Disaster Emergency Response Capability in Henan Province

对河南省各城市气象灾害应急能力进行评价研究,采用层次分析法,从监测预警、预防准备、处置救援、恢复重建4个方面构建评价指标体系和模型,对河南省各城市气象灾害应急能力进行评价。结果显示:河南省城市气象灾害应急能力整体上呈西北部较高,南部和东部较低的空间分布格局;郑州市气象灾害应急能力最高,洛阳、焦作、安阳、新乡等城市气象灾害应急能力也较高,信阳和漯河气象灾害应急能力最差。依据评价结果和河南省的实际情况,提出以下建议:加大医疗和公共安全方面的财政投入;构建区域性的应急救援机制;加强对气象灾害的综合监测以及增强对公众防灾减灾的教育。

Evaluating the emergency response capability of meteorological disasters in cities in Henan Province can provide a basis for disaster prevention and mitigation. We constructed evaluation index system and model from four aspects, such as monitoring and early warning, prevention and preparation, disposal and rescue, recovery and reconstruction by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and evaluated the emergency response capacity of meteorological disasters in various cities in Henan Province. The results show that the emergency response capacity of urban meteorological disasters in Henan Province is higher in the northwest and lower in the south and east. The highest emergency response capacity of meteorological disasters is Zhengzhou City, followed by Luoyang, Jiaozuo, Anyang, Xinxiang etc., and the worst is Xinyang and Luohe. Based on the evaluation results and the actual situation in Henan Province, we propose the following suggestions: increasing the financial investment in medical and public security, building the regional emergency rescue mechanism, strengthening comprehensive monitoring of meteorological disasters and enhancing the public education in disaster prevention and mitigation.