语言学研究在古籍校勘与解读中的运用——《墨子·备城门》“选本”句文字校勘与句法语义解析

Application of Linguistic Research in Collation and Interpretation of Ancient Books: Collation, Syntactic and Semantic Study on the Sentence with “Xuanben” in Mo-Tse

《墨子·备城门》"我亟使穴师选本迎而穴之"句中"本"为讹字,王念孙认为当为"士",孙诒让倾向于为"卒"。当今译注本多采用王说,并将"选本"解作动宾式,译为"让穴师挑选士卒"。考察《墨子》城守诸篇"士""卒"使用的差异,可知"本"为"卒"的可能性更大。细辨语意,"选"当是作定语修饰"卒","穴师"与"选卒"并列,为"使"字兼语句中的兼语成分。

The character"ben(view of Wang and translate Xuanben as a verb-object construction.Studying the different uses of"shi"and"zu"in articles about defending cities in Mo-tse,"ben"is more likely to be"zu"other than"shi".According to the sentence meaning,"xuan(选)"should be an attribute modifying"zu"."Xueshi"and"xuanzu"make a parallel structure which acts as the bi-constituent in the sentence with"shi(使)".