全基因组选择技术在肉牛育种中的应用

Application of Genomic Selection in Beef Cattle

近年来先进的基因组测序和基因分型技术促进了肉牛育种方法的革新。从过去低通量、耗时的限制性片段多态标记(RFLP)到如今高通量、高密度的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记,基因检测效率大幅提高。随着肉牛基因组序列图谱及SNP图谱的完成,基于高密度SNP标记的牛全基因组选择成了牛育种的新热点。本文通过综述高密度SNP芯片分型技术,基因组选择技术在不同国及不同肉牛品种中的应用情况,旨在表明新型遗传技术的发展必将促进肉牛遗传评估方法的改进。

In recent years, advanced genome sequencing and gene typing technology have promoted the innovation of beef cattle breeding methods. The efficiency of genetic testing has improved dramatically from the low flux, time consuming restriction fragment polymorphism (RFLP) in the past to the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) which has high flux and high density. With the completion of the beef cattle genome sequence map and SNP map, the whole bovine genome selection based on high-density SNP markers has become a new hot spot in cattle breeding. By summarizing the application of high-density SNP chip typing technology and genomic selection technology in different countries and beef cattle varieties, this paper aims to show that the development of new genetic technology will certainly promote the improvement of beef cattle genetic evaluation method.