大足多宝塔南宋五十三参造像的重新调查

A Re-investigation into Statues Restoring Sudhana’s Study under 53 Good Knowing Advisors Discovered in Duobao Pagoda, Dazu County

大足北山多宝塔建于南宋绍兴年间,塔内现存五十三参造像57龛根据内容将这些造像分为两类:第一类仅表现了善财“初会文殊”与“末参普贤”(或“参访弥勒”)两个情节;第二类为邢信道施资所造五十余龛像,内容丰富。前者通过两铺图像象征性地表达了南参之事;后者属五十三参完整版,尽管有两铺残缺,仍堪称该类造像早期所存案例中的典范.

Duobao Pagoda,located in Dazu County,was built during Shaoxing Era in Southern Song.At present,in the pagoda,there are 57 niches in which scenes of Sudhana studying under 53 good knowing advisors are restored.Statues in these niches can be classified into two categories.The first category only shows two plots,Sudhana meeting with Manjushri at the beginning of his pilgrimage and Sudhana visiting Samantabhadra in the end(or visiting Maitreya).The second category,depicting various scenes,consists of fifty-plus niches,whose construction was sponsored by Xing Xindao,a Taoist priest.Niches of the first category each contain two paintings that symbolically portray Sudhana's pilgrimage into the south.Statues,although two among which are now damaged,in niches of the second category make up a full version of Sudhana studying under 53 wise and virtuous friends.Created in an early phase and having been preserved to modem days,these statues can be rated as exemplary ones to those under the same motif.