超大城市的城乡老龄化社区特征及形成机制比较研究——以广州市太平通津社区和黄沙塘村为例

Comparative Research on Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Megacity's Urban and Rural Aging Communities:A Case Study of Taipingtongjin Community and Huangshatang Village in Guangzhou

我国已进入老龄化发展阶段,超大城市人口老龄化进程较为显著。本文以超大城市广州为例,选取城区社区太平通津社区和农村社区黄沙塘村,调查分析两老龄化社区特征及形成机制。研究发现:①两社区居住环境、人口年龄结构、老年人口社会经济属性及代际关系差异显著,但老年人口迁居特征与意愿一致。②两老龄化社区都由非老年人口基数下降、非老年人迁出和老年人留守共同作用形成,但农村社区还存在老年人回流现象。③两老龄化社区形成原因共同点与差异性并存。

China has entered the stage of aging development, and the aging process of mega-cities is more significant. Taking Guangzhou, a megacity, as an example, this paper selects the urban community Taipingtongjin community and the rural community Huangshatang village to investigate and analyze the characteristics and formation mechanism of two aging communities. The study found that: ①The living environment of the two communities, the age structure of the population, the socioeconomic attributes of the elderly population and the intergenerational relationship are significantly different, but the characteristics of the elderly population relocation are consistent.② Two aging communities are formed by the decline of the non-elderly population, the migration of non-elderly people and the retention of the elderly, but there are still old people returning in rural communities. ③ The causes of the two aging communities coexist in commonality.