2010—2017年绵阳市城区蟑螂监测分析

Analysis of cockroach surveillance in Mianyang City from 2010 to 2017

目的了解蟑螂在绵阳市城区种群构成、各种生境密度差异、季节消长规律等情况,为蟑螂防治提供科学依据。方法随机在东、西、南、北4个方位选取3个方位,每个方位随机选择农贸市场、宾馆、医院、居民区各1处,餐饮店2处,共计6处。采用粘捕法每月各处放10张粘蟑纸,调查点相对固定。结果 2010—2017年,共布放粘蟑纸17 280张,回收阳性2 611张,侵害率为15. 83%;捕获蟑螂28 351只,平均密度为1. 72只/张。蟑螂侵害率最高的为2016年,达到了25. 82%;最低的为2013年,为8. 55%;密度最高的为2016年4. 22只/张,最低为2010年0. 47只/张。月密度和侵害率趋势基本吻合,均呈单峰型。月平均密度和月平均侵害率最高均出现在8月,分别达到2. 74只/张和24. 62%。以农贸市场平均密度最高,达3. 77只/张;最低为宾馆,密度为0. 32只/张。结论绵阳市城区蟑螂密度波动较大,优势种群为德国小蠊,全年蟑螂侵害率高峰在5—9月,农贸市场和餐饮店蟑螂危害较重。

Objective To determine the population distribution,different habitat density,seasonal variation of cockroaches,and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of cockroaches in Mianyang City.Methods One farmer market,one hotel,one hospital,one residential area and two restaurants located in each of the three directions were selected for the investigation.Sticky traps were applied,and ten sheets of sticky paper were placed in each site every month.Results From 2010 to 2017,there were 2 611 positive out of the 17 280 sheets of sticky paper placed at chosen sites,and the average invasion rate was 15.83%;28 351 cockroaches were captured with the average density of1.72 insects per sheet.The highest invasion rate was 25.82%in 2016,the lowest was 8.55%in 2013;the highest density was 4.22 insects per sheet in 2016,and the lowest was 0.47 insects per sheet in 2010.Density and invasion rate basically coincided,both of them were single peak type.The highest density and invasion rate in August,reached2.74 insects per sheet and 24.62%respectively.The average density of the farmers’market was the highest,up to3.77 insects per sheet;the lowest was of the hotel,0.32 insects per sheet.Conclusion The density of cockroach fluctuates greatly.Blattella germanica was the dominant species in Mianyang City.The population density was high in famers markets and restaurants,and peaked from May to September.