聚变堆低活化铁素体/马氏体(RAFM)钢焊接研究进展

Review on Welding Technology of RAFM Steel

低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic steel,RAFM)被普遍认为是未来聚变示范堆和聚变动力堆第一壁包层的首选结构材料,由于第一壁服役环境苛刻,特别是焊缝区,不可避免会产生辐照缺陷、表面脆化、化学刻蚀、再沉积等各种损伤和缺陷,严重影响其使用寿命和聚变堆运行安全,合理的RAFM钢焊接工艺技术是提高聚变堆安全性和使用寿命的关键。概述RAFM钢的材料特点和应用现状,然后将适用于RAFM钢的焊接技术和工艺进行系统分析,并对每种焊接技术的原理、国内外相关研究及RAFM钢焊接发展现状进行详尽的评述。最后展望了RAFM钢激光焊接的应用前景,指出当前的几种RAFM钢几乎都推荐的是激光焊接工艺,可以得到综合力学性能良好的焊接接头,并积累了相关数据,可为我国试验包层模块(Test blanket module, TBM)制造提供关键技术支撑,以全面提升我国核聚变堆发展水平。

The low activation ferritic/martensitic steels(RAFM)are generally considered to be the candidate structural materials forthe first wall and blanket of fusion reactors,which service in very harsh environment.This materials especially in it’s welding jointswill inevitably produce various defects such as irradiation defects,surface embrittlement,chemical etching and redeposition,whichseriously affect the service life and safety of the fusion reactor.Welding technology is one of the key technologies for RAFM steelto apply to engineering.The performance and present research progress of RAFM steel are simply introduced,welding methods ofRAFM steel and its research progress are reviewed,and potential application of the welding technology of RAFM steel is alsopointed out,which provides the basic data for the welding structure of RAFM steel practically apply to the fusion demonstrationreactor.