玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯复合材料性能的研究

Study on Properties of Polyurethane Composites reinforced with Glass Fiber

以聚醚聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)或聚丙二醇(PPG)与异氰酸酯4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)或2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)作原材料合成了预聚体;以3,3'-二氯-4,4′-二胺基二苯甲烷(MOCA)为扩链剂制备了PU弹性体;采用手糊成型方法制备了聚氨酯(PU)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料。研究了2种预聚体制备的PU弹性体力学性能、玻璃纤维厚度和层数以及复合材料密度对PU/GF复合材料力学性能的影响,以及GF与PU弹性体的粘结强度。结果表明,MDI/MOCA-PU比TDI/MOCA-PU的力学性能优异;随着玻璃纤维厚度和层数的增加,复合材料力学性能提高;密度对PU/GF复合材料的拉伸强度有显著影响;用硅烷偶联剂处理过的玻璃纤维可提高复合材料剥离强度。

The prepolymer was synthesized by using PTMG or PPG and MDI or TDI as raw materials.The PU elastomer was prepared by using MOCA as chain extender.Polyurethane(PU)/glass fiber(GF)composites were prepared by using hand lay-up.The mechanical properties of PU elastomers prepared by two kinds of prepolymers,the effects of thickness and lay numbers of glass fibers and density of the composites on the mechanical properties of PU/GF composites and the bond strength of GF and PU elastomers was all discussed.The results showed that the mechanical properties of MDI/MOCA-PU elastomer were better than those of TDI/MOCA elastomer.The mechanical properties of the composites increased with the increase of thickness and layer number of glass fiber.The effect of the density on tensile strength of PU/GF composites was significant.The glass fiber treated with the silane coupling agent could improve peel strength of the composite.