基于滑行法的乘用轮胎通过噪声试验研究

Pass-by Noise Test of Passenger Car Tire Based on Sliding Method

为研究轿车轮胎噪声的影响因素,在同一辆试验车上换装不同品牌/规格的轮胎进行滑行噪声试验,测量不同车速、轮胎花纹、轮胎尺寸的轮胎滚动噪声,有针对性地对不同花纹/规格的轮胎进行比较分析。结果表明:轮胎噪声声压级不是受单方面参数影响产生变化的,不同尺寸和花纹的轮胎都具有独特的轮胎噪声特性,轮胎滚动噪声与车速成正比趋势增大,但某种特定情况下会出现噪声奇点;轮胎花纹对轮胎滚动噪声的影响比较复杂,不同类型的轮胎花纹对噪声影响的权重也不尽相同;轮胎断面宽度几乎与轮胎滚动噪声成正比,在保证花纹、材质相同的前提下,更宽的轮胎断面会引起更大的轮胎撞击噪声和发声机理更为复杂的轮胎花纹噪声。

In order to study the influencing factors of passenger car tire noise,the sliding noise test was carried out on the tires with different brands and specifications using the same testing vehicle,and the rolling noise of tires with different speeds,tread patterns and tire sizes was measured and compared.The results showed that tire noise level was determined by the joint action of multiple parameters,and the tires with different sizes and patterns had unique tire noise characteristics.Tire rolling noise increased in direct proportion to vehicle speed,but singularities appeared under certain conditions.Tire patterns had complex effects on tire rolling noise.Different types of tread patterns had different weights on the influence.The rolling noise of the tire was almost proportional to the width of the tread section.With the same tread pattern and material,wider tread section would cause greater impact noise and more complex mechanism of tread pattern noise.