内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后主要并发症的防治

Prevention and treatment of post-ERCP complications

内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后并发症的发生风险依然较高。其术后并发症主要包括胰腺炎、胆管炎、消化道出血、消化道穿孔等机械性损伤及药物反应等。因为对这些并发症的定义、手术适应证、操作技术、数据收集及处理方法不统一,致使不同作者报道的ERCP术后并发症的发生率及其危险因素有较大差异,对ERCP术后并发症的防治也存在较多分歧。本文从ERCP术的发展进程着手,介绍各个时期ERCP术后主要并发症的防治情况,并对其目前的防治研究进行汇总,以便为临床ERCP术后并发症的防治提供帮助。

Postoperative complications of ERCP include pancreatitis, cholangitis, hemorrhage, mechanical damage (such as perforation) of the digestive tract and drug reaction. Since the the complications definition, surgical indications, operation technique, data collection and processing method were inconsistent, there were controversies for the incidences of complications after ERCP and its risk factors for different institutions. This paper discussed the evolution of ERCP risk factors, current situation and prophylaxis of major complications after ERCP and summarized the current research progress in order to provide theoretical help for prevention and prophylaxis of postoperative complications of ERCP.