海南省新生儿科护士工作压力与应对方式、社会支持的相关性

The correlations between job stress and coping style and social support of nurses in neonatal department in Hainan province

目的探讨海南省新生儿科护士工作压力与应对方式、社会支持的相关性。方法按分层随机抽样的方法,从海南省二级三级综合医院、妇幼保健院抽取新生儿科护士300例作为研究对象,调查所有护士的一般资料、工作压力、社会支持与应对方式状况,并进行相关性分析。结果 300名护士对于护士专业及工作、工作环境及资源、患者护理、管理及人际关系、工作量及时间分配的工作压力评分为(3.21±0.90)分、(3.20±1.02)分、(3.15±0.86)分、(3.12±0.82)分和(3.29±0.88)分。消极应对与积极应对评分分别为(1.78±0.13)分和(1.77±0.22)分,客观支持、主观支持与社会支持利用度评分分别为(23.91±4.29)分、(19.48±4.11)分和(22.18±3.92)分。Pearson相关分析显示护士的工作压力5个维度评分与应对方式和社会支持各维度评分都呈现显著相关性(P<0.05)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示婚姻状况、职称、积极应对、主观支持是影响护士工作压力的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论海南省新生儿科护士工作压力比较大,应对方式、社会支持普遍不佳,三者存在显著相关性,应对方式、社会支持是影响护士工作压力的主要因素。

Objective To investigate the correlations between job stress and coping style and social support of nurses in neonatal department in Hainan province. Methods Using the method of stratified random sampling, from secondary and tertiary general hospitals and maternal and child health care hospital in Hainan, 300 nurses of neonatal department were selected as research subjects. The general data, work stress, social support and coping style were investigated. Results The scores of the work stress, work environment and resources, patient care, management and interpersonal relationship, workload and time distribution in these 300 nurses were 3.21±0.90, 3.20±1.02, 3.15±0.86, 3.12±0.82 and 3.29±0.88, respectively. The scores of negative coping and positive coping were 1.78±0.13 and 1.77±0.22, respectively. The objective support, subjective support and social support utilization score were 23.91±4.29, 19.48±4.11 and 22.18±3.92, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the score of job stress was significantly correlated with coping styles and social support dimensions(P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that marital status, professional title, positive coping and subjective support were the main factors influencing work stress in nurses(P<0.05). Conclusion The work stress of neonatal department nurses in Hainan Province are relatively high. Coping style and social support are generally poor, and there is significant correlation between the them. Coping style and social support are the main factors that affect the working stress of nurses.