适宜机械粒收玉米品种脱水特性及相关性状研究

Study on Suitable Kernel Dehydration Rate and Corresponding Traits for Mechanical Kernel Harvest in Maize

以5个不同熟期玉米杂交种为试验材料,通过玉米子粒含水率、脱水速率及相关性状测定,比较不同玉米品种脱水等性状。试验结果表明,适合粒收品种华美1号与其他品种相比,具有生育期短、含水率低、生理成熟后脱水速率快和果皮薄等特点,2016年生理成熟和收获时含水率分别为32.25%和20.20%,2017年分别为35.28%和17.47%。相关分析结果表明,子粒脱水速率与果皮厚度呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.975;与苞叶脱水速率和含水率呈显著相关,相关系数分别为0.935和-0.950;与其他性状相关性不显著。

The kernel dehydration characteristics after maize physiological maturity were analyzed.Five maize hybrids with different maturities were selected as experimental materials and measured their kernel dehydration rates and corresponding traits such as kernel moisture contents.The results showed that HUAMEI 1 was the best hy-brid suitable for mechanical kernel harvest in this study.It was characterized by shorter growth period,lower kernel moisture content,faster kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity and thin pericarp.The kernel moisture content at physiological maturity and harvest stages were 32.25%and 20.20%respectively in 2016,and were 35.28%and 17.47%respectively in 2017.Correlation analysis showed that kernel dehydration rate was significantly negative related to pericarp thickness with the correlation coefficient of-0.975,and it was significantly positive cor-related with husk dehydration rate and husk moisture content with the correlation coefficients of 0.935 and-0.950,respectively.Kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity was not relevant to other traits measured in this study.