城市社区治理能力:分析框架与产生过程

The Governance Capability of Urban Community:An Analysis Framework and the Generating Process

本文将治理能力理论从国家治理能力和政府治理能力的宏观层面延伸到城市社区。通过理论和实证案例的综合分析,提出社区治理能力就是政府、企业、非营利组织、公众等在社区治理的互动过程中,改变治理结构、解决社区问题、提升资源利用,进而实现公共利益的总能力。本文从资源系统和管理系统两方面对社区治理能力进行分析,发现其产生过程是,资源系统问题引发管理系统矛盾,促使相关行动者采取措施,形成有利于公众利益的管理系统结构,从而推动问题解决和公共利益实现。本文研究表明,城市社区中存在着固有的治理能力,治理能力较高的社区不仅能够自发解决社区问题,而且各方交往关系良好,更重要的是,资源系统和管理系统的稳定性特征能够促进社区健康稳定发展。

This article shifts the focus of governance capacity at macro-level to micro-level, theoretically examining the urban community governance capacity in China. Community governance capacity was defined as the total capacity of solving community problems, enhancing community resource usage, and achieving community interests through effective collaboration among government, enterprise, non-profit organization and the public. We analyzed and evaluated community governance capacity from its resource and management systems and the interaction between these two using an in-depth case study. The case verifies the existence of governance capacity of solving community problems in urban neighborhoods. This capacity is generated by the circular interaction between resource system and management system. The problems of resource system trigger the conflicts within the management system, which in turn urges the management actors to take action to form new management system and to solve problems. After solving community problems, the stabilization of resource system promotes the relative stability of management system. The findings demonstrate that the urban communities with higher governance capacity are characterized by all actors in management system are effectively involved in community governance with good relationships, and even more, the problems in resource system could be properly solved, and the community resources could be utilized efficiently.