论图书馆的合理使用——以应对数据商的限制为视角

On the Fair Use of Library-From the Perspective of Countermeasures Against the Database Vendors' Restrictions

数字化与网络化的发展,在便利作品利用与传播的同时,也给合理使用带来了负面影响。数据商凭借优势地位,以许可协议与技术措施限制图书馆的合理使用。合理使用从性质上而言,属于对著作权人的权利限制,除允许著作权人保留以外,均属于强制性规范。数据商与图书馆之间签订的限制或排除合理使用的相关条款无效,违反该条款既不构成侵权,也不构成违约。技术措施可区分为接触控制措施和版权保护措施,法律仅有必要保护版权保护措施,图书馆可基于合理使用目的规避技术措施,而数据商应提供相应技术支持。

The development of digitization and networking makes using and disseminating work more convenient,however at the same time,also brings a series of negative effects.The database vendors with their dominant position,cause great obstacles to the fair use of the library.Fair use in nature,is the restriction on the rights of copyright holders,in addition to the two cases that the copyright law explicitly allows reservations,the fair use provisions are all mandatory norms,therefore,the contract terms to limit or exclude fair use signed between database vendors and library is invalid.The library’s fair use breaks contract although,is neither liable for copyright infringement,nor be liable for breach of contract.Technical measures can be divided into two categories:access control measure and copyright protection measure.Only the access control measure should be protected,library can eliminate copyright protection measure directly for fair use,and the database vendors shall provide corresponding technical support.