电针对围产期尼古丁暴露新生鼠肺功能及肺形态的影响

Electroacupuncture at “Zusanli” (ST36) and “Chize” (LU5) of mother rats exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation has a protective effect on development of lung function and morphology in neonatal rats

目的:通过比较电针孕期及哺乳期尼古丁暴露母鼠"足三里"和"尺泽"穴对新生鼠肺功能和肺形态影响的差异,探讨能改善围产期尼古丁暴露引发新生鼠肺发育变化的特异效应穴位。方法:将24只雌性孕期SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、足三里组、尺泽组,每组6只。自孕期第6天起,正常组皮下注射0.9%氯化钠溶液,余组均皮下注射尼古丁至产后第21天(生产当天不注射)制备孕期及哺乳期尼古丁暴露模型。采用每日2Hz/15Hz、1mA电针母鼠双侧"足三里"穴或"尺泽"穴治疗,与造模同时进行。实验结束后采用小动物肺功能测定仪测定子代鼠肺功能,HE染色法光镜下观测子代鼠肺泡化程度。结果:与正常组相比较,模型组吸气峰值流速(PIF)值、肺总阻力(RL)值和呼气相气道阻力(RE)值均显著升高(P<0.01),呼气峰值流速(PEF)值和肺动态顺应性(Cdyn)值均显著降低(P<0.01),模型组子代鼠肺泡数量减少,肺泡变形破裂融合,肺泡直径显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,足三里组PIF值、RL值和RE值均显著降低(P<0.01),PEF值和Cdyn值均显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),且肺泡数量明显增多,肺泡破裂现象改善,肺泡直径显著降低(P<0.01);尺泽组PIF值显著降低(P<0.01),RL值和RE值均明显降低(P<0.05),PEF值和Cdyn值有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),尺泽组肺泡数量明显增多,肺泡破裂现象改善,肺泡直径有减小趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:电针"足三里"和电针"尺泽"均能通过改善孕期及哺乳期尼古丁暴露新生鼠肺功能及肺形态,防护子代鼠肺发育不良,且电针"足三里"穴效果优于电针"尺泽"穴。

Objective To compare the different effect of electroacupuncture(EA)at"Zusanli"(ST36)and"Chize"(LU5)of mother rats exposed to Nicotine during pregnancy and lactation on lung function and morphological changes in offspring rats,so as to explore the most effective acupoint for improving the development of lung in neonatal rats.Methods A total of 24 female pregnancy SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control,model,EA-ST36 and EA-LU5(n=6 rats in each group).Rats of the normal group were treated by subcutaneous injection of normal saline,and those of the other 3 groups treated by subcutaneous injection of nicotine(1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)beginning from the 6 th day to about the 21 st day of pregnancy(childbirth day)for nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation.The daily EA treatment(2 Hz/15 Hz,1 mA)was applied to bilateral ST36 and LU5 for 20 min,beginning from the 6 th day of pregnancy to the 21 st day(childbirth day).The lung function of the offspring rats including the peak inspiratory flow(PIF),peak expiratory flow(PEF),lung resistance(RL),exhalation resistance(RE)and lung dynamic compliance(Cdyn)was detected by using a lung function analysis system.Histopathological changes(severity of alveolarization)of the offspring rats’lung tissue were observed under microscope after H.E.stain.Results Compared with the normal group,the PIF,RL and RE values were significantly increased(P<0.01),and PEF and Cdyn values significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01).The alveolar diameter in the model group was evidently increased relevant to the normal group(P<0.01).Following the intervention,modeling induced increase of PIF,RL,RE and alveolar diameter and decrease of PEF and Cdyn values in the EA-ST36 group,and the increased PIF,RL and RE levels in the EA-LU5 group were obviously suppressed relevant to the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Additionally,modeling induced obvious congestion and edema of the alveolar wall,alveolar deformation,rupture and fusion,and reduction of the number of the pulmonary alveoli were evidently milder in both EA-ST36 and EA-LU5 groups.No significant differences were found between the EA-ST36 and EA-LU5 groups in the abovementioned 5 indexes of pulmonary function and alveolar diameter(P>0.05).Conclusion EA of ST36 and LU5 of mother rats experiencing nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation can improve the lung function and morphological changes in neonatal rats,and the effect of ST36 is relatively better.