论欧阳修的“好贤”及其对北宋政治的影响

Ouyang Xiu's Quality of Cherishing Talents and Its Influence on the Northern Song Politics

北宋以文治国,文官身份的士人具有空前绝后的地位。较之于魏晋隋唐的门阀士族,北宋士人大多出身庶族,经由科举考试跻身仕途。因此,出于维护、发展自己政治理想的需要,普遍有好贤荐才的特征,欧阳修在这方面是一个典范。不仅通过个人发现、推荐贤才,而且通过诸多政策影响,培养更多的人才。欧阳修一生荐才无数,而且推荐的人才如王安石、司马光、苏轼等人成为此后北宋政坛的主宰者,尤为重要的是,这些人大多继承了他的政治人格。在此意义上可以说,欧阳修的"好贤"对于北宋此后的政治走向具有深刻影响。

The Northern Song government attached great importance to the literature and its civil officers possessed the unprecedented statuses.Compared with the people born in powerful families from Wei Dynasty to Tang Dynasty,most of the Northern Song Dynasty’s scholars were born in the impoverished ones,starting their official career by attending the imperial examination.Therefore,in order to maintain and develop the needs of his political ideal,the scholars generally had the characteristics of recommending talents and Ouyang Xiu was a model in this aspect.He not only found and recommended the talents by his personal discovery but also cultivated more talents by drawing up many policies.The talents recommended by Ouyang Xiu,such as Wang Anshi,Si Maguang and Su Shi,became the dominators in the Northern Song Dynasty.Most importantly,they inherited Ouyang Xiu’s political personality.In this sense,Ouyang Xiu’s quality of"Cherishing the Talents"had a lasting effect on the Northern Song’s political trend.