生物炭在制备及土壤应用中的潜在环境风险

Potential Environmental Risks in the Preparationand Application of Biochars in Soil

生物炭(Biochar)由于其对环境中污染物超强的吸附能力,被广泛运用于土壤改良与修复.近期的研究发现,在生物炭的制备和应用当中存在一些潜在的风险和危害.本文阐述了生物炭在制备过程产生的多环芳烃(PAHs)、重金属、环境持久性自由基(EPFRs)对环境的影响,以及土壤应用中生物炭对植物生长和土壤微生物活性的影响.因此在生物炭实际应用过程中,不仅在制备过程中需要严格把控,还需要全面评估生物炭的性质以及环境效应相互作用.

Biochar has been recognized as an effective amendment for soil remediation,due to its porous structure,special surface properties and capacity of strong adsorption on environment pollutants. The recent studies have found that some potential risks and hazards occurred during the preparation and application of biochars. In this review,potential risks and hazards in environment were exhibited mainly due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs),heavy metals,environmental persistent free radicals( EPFRs) which were produced or transformed during the preparation of biochars,and the effects of endogenous pollutants on the growth of plants and microorganisms in soil application were summarized. Therefore,in the application process,not only does the preparation process need to be strictly controlled,but the nature of biochars and the interaction of environmental effects also needs to be comprehensively evaluated.