西夏时期敦煌涅槃变中的抚足者——西夏石窟考古与艺术研究之四

On the Figure Who Touches the Buddha's Feet in the Nirvana Illustrations Depicted in Dunhuang Caves from the Western Xia Dynasty——Archaeology and Art Research of the Western Xia Caves(Ⅳ)

以西夏时期敦煌的涅槃变为研究中心,通过对西千佛洞第9窟,榆林窟第2、3窟,东千佛洞第2、5、7窟,肃北五个庙第1窟各处涅槃变的考察,梳理了敦煌西夏涅槃变中"抚足者"的变化。作者将这一时期涅槃变佛足处人物分成三种类型,认为新出现的贵人相老者为印度医师耆婆,这种变化与北宋以来佛教思想的变化有关。

Focusing on the Nirvana illustrations in Dunhuang caves during the Western Xia dynasty, and by investigations of the nirvana illustrations in cave 7 at the Western Thousand-Buddha Grottoes, caves 2 and 3 at the Yulin Grottoes, caves 2, 5 and 7 at the Eastern Thousand-Buddha Grottoes, and cave 1 at the Five Temple Grottoes, this paper discusses changes in the depiction of the figure touching the Buddha’s feet. On the basis of this material, the author divides the pictures of this figure into three types and comes to the conclusion that this new image of an elder noble represents Jivaka, an Indian physician, and that these changes were concomitant with the changes in Buddhist thought that began in the Northern Song dynasty.