浙江省四区县2017年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验情况分析

Analysis on kindergarten and school entry vaccination certificates check in four counties of Zhejiang, 2017

目的了解浙江省部分地区2017年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验结果。方法根据样本量计算公式获得样本量,采用分层随机抽样法抽取嘉兴地区的桐乡市和嘉善县,衢州地区的柯城区和龙游县各2所小学和3所幼儿园进行预防接种证的査验调查描述分析22剂次免疫规划疫苗的漏种和补种情况结果调杳所需入托入学样本量均为853人,实际调査人数为1825人,其中入托儿童888人,入学儿童937人。入托儿童漏种疫苗剂次较少,漏种率最高为乙脑减毒疫苗第2剂和A+C群流脑疫苗第1剂,均为4.4%;入学儿童漏种疫苗剂次主要为A+C群流脑疫苗第2剂和白破疫苗,漏种率分别达到14.7%和14.5%,其余疫苗剂次漏种率均不足4%:查验后2个月,除乙脑减毒疫苗第2剂和甲型肝炎减毒疫苗外,大多数疫苗剂次补种率高于50%对于白破疫苗和A+C群流脑疫苗第2剂来说,超过90%的漏种儿童年龄为6~7岁结论浙江省四区县入托入学儿童国家免疫规划疫苗的漏种率相对较低,预防接种证査验起到了查漏补种的作用。

Objective To acquire information of the kindergarten and school entry vaccination certificates check in four counties of Zhejiang Province, 2017. Methods We used formula to get the sample size and stratified random sampling method to choose two schools and three kindergartens in every county including Tongxiang and Jiashan of Jiaxing City and Kefheng and Longyou of Quzhou City. The missed rates and re-vaccined rates of the 22 doses of National Immunization Program Vaccines (NIPVs) were described. Results A total of 853 samples were needed in the vaccination certificates check for the kindergarten and the primary school entry children each, and among 1825 samples in actual survey, 888 were kindergartens entry children while 937 were primary school entry children. The missed rates for kindergarten entry children were all relatively low, with the highest rate of 4.4% respectively for the first dose of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine (JEV) and the first dose of Meningococcal AC vaccine (Men AC). As for children entering school, the missed rates were less than 4% except for the second dose of Men AC (14.7%) and Diphtheria and Tetanus vaccine(DT, 14.5%). Two months after entry, the re-vaccination rates exceeded 50% for most of the NIPVs except for the second dose of JEV and Hepatitis A vaccine (Hep A), and the reseed rate was higher than 50%. Children who missed the second dose of Men AC and DT were more than 90% at 6-7 years old. Conclusions The missed rates for NIPVs are relatively low when children entered the school or kindergarten in the four counties of Zhejiang Province. The work of kindergarten and school entry vaccination certificates check plays an important role in supplemetary vaccination.