ICU护士心理授权对其离职意愿的影响

Influence of psychological empowerment on turnover intention among intensive care unit nurses

目的了解ICU护士心理授权和离职意愿状况,分析心理授权对其离职意愿的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取郑州市5家三级甲等医院的650名ICU护士为调查对象。使用一般资料调查表、中文版心理授权量表和离职意愿量表调查ICU护士的心里授权和离职意愿情况。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行统计,并对ICU护士的心理授权和离职意愿进行Pearson相关分析,采用多元线性回归分析ICU护士离职意愿的影响因素。结果共发放调查问卷650份,有效回收635份,有效回收率为97.7%。ICU护士心理授权总分(44.66±7.36)分,离职意愿总分为(15.03±3.40)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,ICU护士心理授权与离职意愿呈负相关(r=-0.353,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,是否带教、心理授权中工作意义和工作影响维度是ICU护士离职意愿的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 ICU护士心理授权处于中等水平,呈现强烈离职意愿。护理管理者应根据ICU护士心理授权现状给予针对性干预,提升ICU护士心理授权水平,从而降低ICU护士离职意愿。

Objective To understand the status of psychological empowerment and turnover intention among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and analyze the influence of psychological empowerment on turnover intention. Methods We selected 650 ICU nurses from five ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City as subjects by convenience sampling. The psychological empowerment and turnover intention of ICU nurses were investigated with the general information questionnaire, Chinese version of Psychological Empowerment Scale (PES) and Turnover Intention Questionnaire. The SPSS 17.0 was used to statistical analysis. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between psychological empowerment and turnover intention of ICU nurses, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of turnover intention of ICU nurses. Results A total of 650 questionnaires were sent out and 635 valid questionnaires were collected with 97.7% for the valid recovery rate. The total score of psychological empowerment and turnover intention was (44.66±7.36) and (15.03±3.40) respectively. Pearson correlation showed that psychological empowerment of ICU nurses had a negative correlation with turnover intention (r=-0.353, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis displayed that the main influencing factors of turnover intention of ICU nurses included whether to teach or not, the dimension of work meaning and work impact in PES (P<0.01). Conclusions ICU nurses have a medium level of psychological empowerment with strong turnover intention. Nursing managers should provide targeted intervention according to the status psychological empowerment of ICU nurses to improve the level of psychological empowerment, so as to reduce the turnover intention of them.