枸地氯雷他定片与氯雷他定分散片治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效比较

Comparison of effect of desloratadine citrate disodium tablets and loratadine dispersible tablets in treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis

目的比较枸地氯雷他定片与氯雷他定分散片治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效、不良反应及其对白三烯B4(LTB4)、白细胞介素4(IL-4)、IL-10及γ-干扰素(INF-γ)的影响。方法选取苍南县第二人民医院2015年6月至2016年6月收治的过敏性鼻炎患者110例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组、观察组各55例。对照组采用氯雷他定治疗,观察组采用枸地氯雷他定分散片治疗,两组疗程均为14d。比较两组临床疗效、不良反应及LTB4、IL-4、IL-10、INF-γ水平变化。结果观察组总有效率为94.5%(52/55),显著高于对照组的80.0%(44/55)(χ2=6.310,P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为16.4%(9/55),对照组为20.0%(11/55),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组LTB4、IL-4、IL-10、INF-γ水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗14d后,观察组LTB4、IL-4、IL-10、INF-γ分别为(67.74±10.15)ng/L、(52.37±5.12)μg/L、(81.26±11.78)μg/L、(94.47±7.87)μg/L,对照组分别为(80.32±9.97)ng/L、(62.95±5.45)μg/L、(96.32±11.57)μg/L、(86.74±7.63)μg/L,两组差异均有统计学意义(t=7.124、5.262、4.654、3.718,均P<0.05)。结论枸地氯雷他定片和氯雷他定分散片均能有效治疗过敏性鼻炎,降低LTB4、IL-4、IL-10水平,升高INF-γ水平,且不良反应较少,但枸地氯雷他定疗效更显著。

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of desloratadine citrate disodium tablets and loratadine dispersible tablets in treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis,and their influence on leukotriene B4(LTB4),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10)and interferon gamma(INF-γ).MethodsFrom June 2015 to June 2016,a total of 110 patients with allergic rhinitis in the Second People's Hospital of Cangnan County were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table,with 55 cases in each group.The control group was given loratadine dispersible tablets,while the observation group was given desloratadine citrate disodium tablets.Both two groups were treated for 14 days.The clinical efficacy,adverse reactions and changes of LTB4,IL-4,IL-10,INF-γlevels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe total effective rate of the observation group was 94.5%,which was significantly higher than 80.0%of the control group(χ2=6.310,P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the observation group was 16.4%,which was similar to 20.0%in the control group.Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in LTB4,IL-4,IL-10,INF-γlevels between the two groups(all P>0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,the levels of LTB4,IL-4,IL-10 and INF-γin the observation group were(67.74±10.15)ng/L,(52.37±5.12)μg/L,(81.26±11.78)μg/L,(94.47±7.87)μg/L,respectively,which in the control group were(80.32±9.97)ng/L,(62.95±5.45)μg/L,(96.32±11.57)μg/L,(86.74±7.63)μg/L,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t=7.124,5.262,4.654,3.718,all P<0.05).ConclusionBoth desloratadine citrate disodium tablets and loratadine dispersible tablets can effectively treat patients with allergic rhinitis,improve the symptoms and physical signs,reduce the levels of LTB4,IL-4 and IL-10,increase the level of INF-γ,and the adverse reactions are less and slight,but the efficacy of desloratadine citrate disodium tablets is better than loratadine dispersible tablets.