基于自我表露理论的团体干预模式对脑卒中患者主要照顾者负担的影响

Effects of group intervention model based on self-disclosure theory on burden of main caregivers among stroke patients

目的探讨基于自我表露理论的团队干预模式对脑卒中患者主要照顾者负担的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2015年1月-2016年1月在上海中医药大学附属第七人民医院神经内科及神经康复科接受住院治疗的60名脑卒中患者的主要照顾者为研究对象。按照入院时间分为观察组及对照组,各30名。观察组接受基于自我表露理论的团队干预,对照组接受常规护理指导。在干预前及干预5周后分别采用Zarit护理者负担量表(ZBI)、WHO生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对负担及生活质量进行评定。结果观察组脑卒中患者主要照顾者干预前后ZBI总分、个人负担及责任负担2个维度得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组干预前后ZBI总分及2个维度得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组ZBI总分及2个维度得分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预前后WHOQOL-BREF总分、心理、社会关系2个维度得分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组干预前后WHOQOL-BREF总分、社会关系维度得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后两组WHOQOL-BREF总分及生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域3个维度得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用自我表露理论的团体干预模式对脑卒中患者主要照顾者进行干预,可有效降低照顾者负担,提高其生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of group intervention model based on self-disclosure theory on burden of main caregivers among stroke patients. Methods From January 2015 to January 2016, we selected 60 main caregivers of stroke inpatients from Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation in Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into observation group and control group according to the admission time, 30 cases in each group. Observation group received group intervention model based on self-disclosure theory. Control group carried out routine nursing instruction. Burden and life quality were evaluated with the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview( ZBI) and World Health Organzation Quality of Life Assessment Instrument Brief Version( WHOQOL-BREF) before and five weeks after intervention. Results There were statistical differences in the total score of ZBI and the scores of two dimensions( personal burden and responsibility burden) of main caregivers of stroke patients in observation group before and after intervention( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the total score of ZBI and the scores of two dimensions( personal burden and responsibility burden) of main caregivers of stroke patients in control group before and after intervention( P > 0.05). The differences in the total score of ZBI and the scores of two dimensions of main caregivers of stroke patients were statistical between two groups after intervention( P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the total score of WHOQOL-BREF and the scores of two dimensions( psychology and social relations) in observation group before and after intervention( P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the total score of WHOQOLBREF and the scores of social relations in control group before and after intervention( P< 0.05). There were statistical differences in the total score and scores of physiology, psychology and social relations between two groups before and after intervention( P < 0.05). Conclusions The application of group intervention model based on self-disclosure theory in main caregivers of stroke patients can effectively reduce caregivers burden and improve their quality of life.