锻造“政治民族”——李大钊“新中华民族主义”的理论意涵

Cultivating A “Political Nation”:Li Dazhao’s “New Chinese Nationalism” and Its Theoretic Implication

在五四新文化运动前后,李大钊颇致力于阐述“新中华民族主义”。在他看来,“新中华民族主义”的核心要义即强调此主义之“新”,在于打破过去长期存在的文化上、风俗上、语言上的区隔,在参与新政权的过程当中形成坚实稳固、具有共同政治理想的“政治民族”。此外他相信,实践“新中华民族主义”是对全球不平等支配体系的冲击,如果中国的革命者能和周边地区的革命者充分合作,那么从“新中华民族主义”到“新亚细亚主义”,将提供想象一种新的世界格局的可能性.正是在这样的基础上,马克思主义让李大钊得以更为直接且犀利地分析中国所面临的国内外矛盾,让他能够从全球革命的角度思考中国的民族解放运动。可以说,从“新中华民族主义”到马克思主义,李大钊对中国问题的思考日趋清晰透彻。

Before and after the May Fourth New Culture Movement, Li Dazhao was intensely devoted to expounding "New Chinese Nationalism." In his view, what's so "new” about "New Chinese Nationalism" is its aim to break the long-standing barriers in culture, customs and linguage and to form a rock-solid "political nationwith a common political ideal in the process of participating in the new political power. In addition, he believed that the practice of "New China Nationalism" would constitute an impact on the global system of inequality. If Chinese revolutionaries could fully cooperate with revolutionaries in the surrounding areas, from "New Chinese Nationalism"to "New Asiaticism" a new world pattern would become possible to conceive. It is on this basis that Marxism came into Li Dazhao's mind and allowed him to analyze China's domestic and international contradictions more directly and sharply so that he could think about China' s national liberation movement from the perspective of global revolution. It can be said that from "New China Nationalism" to Marxism, Li Dazhao' s thinking on China' s problems reached a higher level of distinction and thoroughness.